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Engineering18 August 2025·4 min read

MCP vs. A2A: Which AI agent protocol should you use?

Agents changed the shape of the problem.

Paycux engineering

Agents changed the shape of the problem. A human signing in is a single decision made once; an agent acting on someone's behalf is a decision that has to hold for every call it makes afterwards, often hours later, often without anyone watching.

This piece walks through how we think about it at Paycux, what we have changed our minds about, and where the sharp edges are.

What is MCP (Model Context Protocol)?

Consider what is mcp (model context protocol)?. An agent's credential should describe what it may do, not who owns it. Scope it to the narrowest set of operations that make the task possible, bind it to a single principal, and give it a lifetime measured in minutes rather than days.

Consent is the part most implementations get wrong. Asking once at install time and then acting indefinitely is not consent; it is a standing grant with no expiry and no visibility.

What is A2A (Agent-to-Agent Protocol)?

What is A2A (Agent-to-Agent Protocol)? deserves its own treatment. Consent is the part most implementations get wrong. Asking once at install time and then acting indefinitely is not consent; it is a standing grant with no expiry and no visibility.

Consent is the part most implementations get wrong. Asking once at install time and then acting indefinitely is not consent; it is a standing grant with no expiry and no visibility.

  • Scope every agent credential to one principal and one task
  • Give tokens minutes of life, not days
  • Record which agent acted, under whose authority, on what
  • Make revocation a single call that takes effect immediately

MCP vs. A2A: Side-by-side

Consider mcp vs. a2a: side-by-side. An agent's credential should describe what it may do, not who owns it. Scope it to the narrowest set of operations that make the task possible, bind it to a single principal, and give it a lifetime measured in minutes rather than days.

The audit trail matters more here than in any human flow. When something goes wrong, the question is never "did the user intend this" in the abstract — it is which agent, acting under whose authority, made which call, and whether the record can prove it.

Similarities and differences

Similarities and differences deserves its own treatment. The audit trail matters more here than in any human flow. When something goes wrong, the question is never "did the user intend this" in the abstract — it is which agent, acting under whose authority, made which call, and whether the record can prove it.

The audit trail matters more here than in any human flow. When something goes wrong, the question is never "did the user intend this" in the abstract — it is which agent, acting under whose authority, made which call, and whether the record can prove it.

An agent's credential should describe what it may do, not who owns it.

Where MCP or A2A alone fall short

That brings us to where mcp or a2a alone fall short. The audit trail matters more here than in any human flow. When something goes wrong, the question is never "did the user intend this" in the abstract — it is which agent, acting under whose authority, made which call, and whether the record can prove it.

Consent is the part most implementations get wrong. Asking once at install time and then acting indefinitely is not consent; it is a standing grant with no expiry and no visibility.

MCP alone can’t handle…

That brings us to mcp alone can’t handle…. An agent's credential should describe what it may do, not who owns it. Scope it to the narrowest set of operations that make the task possible, bind it to a single principal, and give it a lifetime measured in minutes rather than days.

Consent is the part most implementations get wrong. Asking once at install time and then acting indefinitely is not consent; it is a standing grant with no expiry and no visibility.

A2A alone can’t handle…

A2A alone can’t handle… deserves its own treatment. An agent's credential should describe what it may do, not who owns it. Scope it to the narrowest set of operations that make the task possible, bind it to a single principal, and give it a lifetime measured in minutes rather than days.

Consent is the part most implementations get wrong. Asking once at install time and then acting indefinitely is not consent; it is a standing grant with no expiry and no visibility.

Where this leaves us

None of this is exotic. It is the ordinary discipline of deciding what you own, writing down what you assume, and making the failures loud enough to notice.

If you are working through the same problem and want to compare notes, the docs cover the mechanics and the console shows the behaviour on your own data.

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