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Engineering4 April 2025·4 min read

Securing your app with Risk-Based Authentication and AI

Agents changed the shape of the problem.

Paycux engineering

Agents changed the shape of the problem. A human signing in is a single decision made once; an agent acting on someone's behalf is a decision that has to hold for every call it makes afterwards, often hours later, often without anyone watching.

This piece walks through how we think about it at Paycux, what we have changed our minds about, and where the sharp edges are.

What is Risk-Based Authentication?

What is Risk-Based Authentication? is where this gets concrete. Consent is the part most implementations get wrong. Asking once at install time and then acting indefinitely is not consent; it is a standing grant with no expiry and no visibility.

An agent's credential should describe what it may do, not who owns it. Scope it to the narrowest set of operations that make the task possible, bind it to a single principal, and give it a lifetime measured in minutes rather than days.

RBA in practice: Banking platforms

RBA in practice: Banking platforms is where this gets concrete. Consent is the part most implementations get wrong. Asking once at install time and then acting indefinitely is not consent; it is a standing grant with no expiry and no visibility.

An agent's credential should describe what it may do, not who owns it. Scope it to the narrowest set of operations that make the task possible, bind it to a single principal, and give it a lifetime measured in minutes rather than days.

  • Scope every agent credential to one principal and one task
  • Give tokens minutes of life, not days
  • Record which agent acted, under whose authority, on what
  • Make revocation a single call that takes effect immediately

Using machine learning for RBA

Using machine learning for RBA is where this gets concrete. An agent's credential should describe what it may do, not who owns it. Scope it to the narrowest set of operations that make the task possible, bind it to a single principal, and give it a lifetime measured in minutes rather than days.

An agent's credential should describe what it may do, not who owns it. Scope it to the narrowest set of operations that make the task possible, bind it to a single principal, and give it a lifetime measured in minutes rather than days.

Avoid algorithmic bias

That brings us to avoid algorithmic bias. Consent is the part most implementations get wrong. Asking once at install time and then acting indefinitely is not consent; it is a standing grant with no expiry and no visibility.

An agent's credential should describe what it may do, not who owns it. Scope it to the narrowest set of operations that make the task possible, bind it to a single principal, and give it a lifetime measured in minutes rather than days.

An agent's credential should describe what it may do, not who owns it.

AI agents and RBA

AI agents and RBA is where this gets concrete. An agent's credential should describe what it may do, not who owns it. Scope it to the narrowest set of operations that make the task possible, bind it to a single principal, and give it a lifetime measured in minutes rather than days.

Consent is the part most implementations get wrong. Asking once at install time and then acting indefinitely is not consent; it is a standing grant with no expiry and no visibility.

Best practices for RBA

That brings us to best practices for rba. An agent's credential should describe what it may do, not who owns it. Scope it to the narrowest set of operations that make the task possible, bind it to a single principal, and give it a lifetime measured in minutes rather than days.

An agent's credential should describe what it may do, not who owns it. Scope it to the narrowest set of operations that make the task possible, bind it to a single principal, and give it a lifetime measured in minutes rather than days.

Final thoughts

Consider final thoughts. The audit trail matters more here than in any human flow. When something goes wrong, the question is never "did the user intend this" in the abstract — it is which agent, acting under whose authority, made which call, and whether the record can prove it.

An agent's credential should describe what it may do, not who owns it. Scope it to the narrowest set of operations that make the task possible, bind it to a single principal, and give it a lifetime measured in minutes rather than days.

Where this leaves us

If there is one thing worth taking away, it is that the expensive decisions are the ones made implicitly. Making them on purpose costs an afternoon.

If you are working through the same problem and want to compare notes, the docs cover the mechanics and the console shows the behaviour on your own data.

Everything here, already built

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